Bathroom wiring is governed by zones defined by proximity to baths and showers. Each zone limits the IP rating and type of equipment permitted. Once you know the zones, specifying a bathroom becomes straightforward.
The zones in practice
Zones are measured from the bath or shower outward and upward, and they determine the minimum protection rating for anything installed there.
- Inside the bath or shower itself — the most restrictive zone
- Immediately above and around it — high IP ratings required
- The area beyond — less restrictive, but still a special location
- Socket outlets are restricted by distance from the bath or shower
Common bathroom items
Downlights need suitable IP ratings for their position. Extractor fans need a specified location and isolation. Heated mirrors, shaver sockets and underfloor heating each need their supply and protection thought through rather than borrowed from the lighting circuit.
Notification and certification
New circuits within a bathroom are notifiable. Whether the job is a full refit or a single fan replacement, you should receive a certificate recording what was done and the test results.
Common questions
- Can I have a normal socket in the bathroom?
- Only outside the restricted distance from the bath or shower; shaver sockets are the usual answer.
- Do bathroom lights need to be IP-rated?
- In the zones, yes, and the required rating depends on the position.
- Is underfloor heating a separate circuit?
- Usually, with its own protection and thermostat position agreed at first fix.
- Can you do bathroom electrics during a refit?
- Yes, coordinating first and second fix with the tiler and plumber.
Send the bathroom layout and we will confirm what can go where before anything is ordered.
Related guides
- Bathroom Extractor Fan ProblemsA fan that does not clear steam is a damp problem waiting to become a decorating problem.
- Electric Shower Tripping the ElectricsShowers combine the highest load in most houses with the wettest environment — so faults show up early.
- Rewiring During a Renovation, How to Sequence ItA renovation is the cheapest time a house will ever be rewired.